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Objective To investigate the effects of different wavelength (595 nm,755 nm and 1064 nm) lasers on the mRNA expression of types Ⅰ and Ⅲ procollagen in cultured fibroblasts.Methods Fibroblasts from Kunming mice were cultured in vitro.They were divided into 595 nm laser group,755 nm laser group,1064 nm laser group and no laser irradiating group.The mRNA expression of the types Ⅰ and Ⅲ procollagen was detected by RT-PCR.Results The mRNA expression level of type Ⅰ procollagen in 1064 nm group was higher than that of 755 nm group,595 nm group and control group (P＜0.05).The expression levels of 755 nm group and 595 nm group were higher than that of control group (P＜0.05).But the difference between 755 nm group and 595 nm group was not statistically significant (P＞0.05).The mRNA expression level of type Ⅲ procollagen in 1064 nm group was higher than that in 755 nm group,595 nm group and control group (P＜0.05).755 nm group had higher expression than 595 nm group and control group (P＜0.05).But the difference between 595 nm group and the control group was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Three wavelength lasers can directly promote mRNA expression of types Ⅰ and Ⅲ procollagen in fibroblasts.595 nm laser mainly promotes mRNA expression of type Ⅰ procollagen,and 755 nm laser promotes more mRNA expression of type Ⅲ procollagen than 595 nm laser.The most mRNA expression of types Ⅰ and Ⅲ procollagen is promoted by 1064 nm laser.
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Objective To explore the correlation of data obtained through three dimensional reconstruction and measurement of mandibular angle related angles and bigonial breadth.Methods Sixty cases of adult female head spiral CT data were involved in this study.By the three dimensional reconstruction,mandibular angle related angles and bigonial breadth were measured.Through SPSS13.0 software their correlation was analyzed,including among mandibular angle related angles and these with bigonial breadth.Results The related data of the mandibular angle were measured on the image of three dimensional reconstruction; the mandibular angle was (124.28-±-4.12)°,the mandibular elevated angle was (25.52±2.22)°,the valgus angle of mandibular angle was (9.35±7.85)°,the mandiblular included angle was (77.32 ± 2.34)°,and the tangent angle of mandible was (105.53 ± 1.79)°.The correlation analysis of the related angles of mandibular angle and bigonial breadth showed that there was a significant correlation between the angles.Conclusions Three dimensional reconstruction and measurement of mandibular angle related angles and their correlation analysis can provide theoretical foundation and basis for the preoperative design and effect evaluation of mandibular angle plastic surgery.
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Objective:To compare the maxillary sinus mucosa's stress distribution when elevated by three lift materials.Methods:Three Finite element models of maxillary sinus mucosa with 0.3 mm thickness elevated by implant,grafting autogenous cancellous bone and hydroxyapatite respectively were established in the specific units.ANSYS finite element analysis software was used to evaluate maxillary sinus mucosa deformation by the simulated closed sinus lift surgery.Differences of Von Mises stress values of mucosa surface were calculated when maxillary sinus mucosa lift height was increased from 1 mm to 5 mm according to the a large deformation theory. Results:The Von Mises stress values on membrane surface elevated by implant,grafting autogenous cancellous bone and hydroxyapa-tite bone substitute materials showed no difference within 5 mm elevation.Conclusion:Closed maxillary sinus floor lifting operation with implant elevating the maxillary sinus membrane directly is a simple and minimally invasive way for sinus floor elevation.
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Objective To study the effect of dimethylaminoethano (DMAE) and compound amino acid injection (AA) by mesotherapy on collagen Ⅰ and collagen Ⅲ mRNA expression levels of D-galactose-induced chemical skin aging rats.Methods 80 rats were randomly divided into individual experimental group.At 18 days after D-gal induction,rats of aging treatment groups were treated with intradermal microinjection of 0.2％ DMAE+AA,0.1％ DMAE+AA,0.2％ DMAE,0.1％ DMAE,AA,and saline,respectively,once a week for 4 weeks.At 42 days after treatment,the skin wounds were harvested.HE,PCNA,hydroxyproline and collagen Ⅰ and collagen Ⅲ mRNA expression levels of every group skins were detected.Results Dermal thickness,hydroxyproline content and collagen type Ⅰ and Ⅲ mRNA expression levels of 0.1％ DMAE+ AA and 0.2 ％ DMAE+ AA groups were significantly improved (P＜0.05),but PCNA expression of sham control group was significantly higher than all of aging groups (P＞0.05).Conclusions Local co-injection of DMAE and compound AA directly into targeted tissue under mesotherapy has marked anti-aging effects on D-galactose induced skin aging model of rat by increasing the dermal thickness,collagen content and acceleration of collagen synthesis.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of neurectomy and chemodenervation of the masseter muscle on mandible bone mineral density.Methods Thirty 28-day-old Wistar rats were divided into four groups:operation groups 1 and 2,botulinum toxin group and control group.The main trunk and initial branches of masseteric nerve on the right side were resected in the operation group 1.The nerve was exposed,but not resected in the operation group 2.The right side of masseter muscle was injected with botulinum toxin type A and the left side was injected with sterile saline in botulinum toxin group when the rats were 28 days old.The control group was only anaesthetised.Bilateral mandibles of all four groups were scanned by GE lunar prodigy bone densitometer when the rats were 75 days old.Results BMD was (0.184±0.012) g/cm2 on the left side and (0.184±0.026) g/cm2on the right side in operation group 1.BMD was (0.179±0.022) g/cm2 on the left side and (0.173±0.019) g/cm2 on the right side in operation group 2.BMD was (0.165±0.061) g/cm2 on the left side and (0.158±0.051) g/cm2 on the right side in botulinum toxin group.BMD was (0.196±0.026) g/cm2 on the left side and (0.185±0.022) g/cm2 on the right side in control group.The variance of BMD between two sides of each group was not significant difference.The variances of BMD among the right side of the four groups were not significant difference.Conclusions No pathological changes in mandibular bone mineral density after denervation and chemodenervation of the massetermuscle are observed in this study.
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BACKGROUND:How to avoid iatrogenic maxil ary sinus mucosal perforation after closed maxil ary sinus augmentation. OBJECTIVE:To compare the influence of maxil ary sinus mucosa at different thicknesses on the mucosal perforation in closed maxil ary sinus augmentation operation by using finite element analysis. METHODS:Three finite element models of maxil ary sinus mucosa at different thicknesses of 0.3 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.8 mm respectively and implant with 4.2 mm diameter were established in the SHELL63 units. ANSYS finite element analysis software was used to evaluate maxil ary sinus mucosal deformation by the simulated closed maxil ary sinus augmentation surgery. Differences of Von Mises maximum stress values of mucosa surface were calculated according to the non-linear large-deformation theory. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:When maxil ary sinus mucosa height was increased from 1 mm to 5 mm, the large deformation was observed in the center of mucosa center. The maximum stress curve slope was shifted mild between 1-4 mm deformation, while shifted abruptly after 4 mm. There was no difference in the value of Von Mises maximum stress values between three maxil ary sinus mucosa at 0.3 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.8 mm thickness, when the lift height was increased from 1 mm to 5 mm (P>0.05). Maxil ary sinus mucosa are faced with a higher risk of mucosal perforation and elastic elongation when maxil ary sinus height is increased more than 4 mm. Maxil ary sinus mucosa at 0.3-0.8 mm thickness are faced the similar risk of mucosal perforation in closed maxil ary sinus augmentation operation within 5 mm. While more considerations should be paid on patients with less than 0.3 mm maxil ary sinus mucosa thickness.
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BACKGROUND:Various factors can affect the osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cel s, and the osteoinductive factor of traditional Chinese medicine is very important for the research of human adipose-derived stem cel s. OBJECTIVE:To investagate the effects of ginsenoside Rb1 on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cel s in vitro. METHODS:The human adipose-derived stem cel s were isolated and cultured in vitro. After passaqed to the third generation, human adipose-derived stem cel s at 2×103/wel were incubated in a 96-wel plate, and treated with 200μL of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0,6.0μmol/L ginsenoside Rb1 medium. The human adipose-derived stem cel s in the control group were treated with an equal volume of Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium. Growth curves were examined by 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulphenyl)-(2H)-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide T colorimetric assay. Alkaline phosphatase activity and osteocalcin content were detected by alkaline phosphatase kit and radio-immunity method, respectively. Calcified nodules were observed using alizarin red O staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The proliferation viability of human adipose-derived stem cel s was significantly increased after cultured with 0.5μmol/L ginsenoside Rb1. With the increasing of the concentration of ginsenoside Rb1, the mitogenic activity of the cel s was decreased. The 6.0μmol/L ginsenoside Rb1 showed a depressant effect on proliferation. Ginsenoside Rb1 could promote alkaline phosphatase activity and osteocalcin expression in human adipose-derived stem cel s and showed a dose-dependent manner. Calcified nodule formation induced by 4.6 and 6.0μmol/L ginsenoside Rb1 were better when compared with 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0μmol/L ginsenoside Rb1. Ginsenoside Rb1 can promote the proliferation of human adipose-derived stem cel s cultured in vitro in a certain concentration, and in the high concentration, the ginsenoside Rb1 can promote the osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cel s. So ginsenoside Rb1 can be used as an osteoinductive factor.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the roles of MMPs-9, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in cesarean section scar healing.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expressions of the MMPs-9, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were detected by EnVision immunohistochemistry in 22 pregnant women with serious complications of the uterine scar, including 8 with early caesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) and 14 with full-term pregnancy undergoing hysterectomy for placenta previa or implanted placenta. Thirty-eight full-term pregnant women without serious complications of the uterine scar and 32 normal full-term pregnant women served as the control I and control II groups, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expressions of MMPs-9 and TIMP-1 differed significantly between the 3 groups (P<0.05), whereas TIMP-2 did not (P>0.05). Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that the expression of MMPs-9 in the uterine scar tissues was positively correlated with poor uterine scar healing with the correlation coefficients of 0.309 and 0.643. An increased severity of poor healing scar was associated with a significantly increased expression of MMPs-9 (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The imbalanced expressions of MMPs-9 and TIMP-1 in injury repair can be related to poor uterine scar healing and CSP.</p>
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Adult , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Young Adult , Cesarean Section , Cicatrix , Metabolism , Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 , Metabolism , Placenta Previa , General Surgery , Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 , Metabolism , Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 , Metabolism , Uterus , Pathology , Wound HealingABSTRACT
Objective To explore the treatment of laterognathism of the mandible.Methods Nineteen cases of laterognathism of the mandible were treated by Lefort Ⅰ osteotomy,sagittal split ramus osteotomy,genioplasty,anterior mandibular subapical osteotomy and prosthesis implantation,respectively,and their efficacy was evaluated and clinical experience summarized.Results The nineteen cases were followed up for average 12 months after the treatments and all the patients were satisfied with the surgical effects.All osteotomy lines healed well and there were no complications,such as root damage or neurotrosis.Conclusions The orthognathic procedure for laterognathism of the mandible should be selected according to the types and locations of asymmetry deformities.Anterior mandibular subapical osteotomy combined with mandibular cosmetic surgery for slight laterognathism of the mandible could achieve satisfactory results.
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Objective To explore the baggy eyelids anaplasty through posterior orbital septum fat displacement. Methods Orbital septum and posterior orbital septum fat were exposed through palpebral margin incision, internal orbital septum fat was released and sutured with arcuate expansion of capsulopalpebral fascia at the middle lower eyelid, which was taken as the function of tighting the flaccid lower eyelid at transverse direction. On such a basis, the muscle and skin were repaired and so did orbital septum and baggy eyelids.Results Ofthe 38 patients with this operation, baggy eyelids anaplasty was performed with satisfactory results.Conclusion The method of baggy eyelids plasty through posterior orbital septum fat displacement could reduce hemorrhage, prevent enophthalmos and decrease baggy eye palindromia, with better long-term effects.
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Objective To introduce a new method for correcting prominent malar complex deformity. Methods Through an intraoral incision, the highest area of zygomatic body marked preoperatively was grinded. Then an L shape incomplete osteotomy of the zygomatic body was performed with a reciprocating saw, and a complete osteotomy just 1 cm anterior to the articular tubercle of the zygomatic arch was made. Light pressure on the posterior part of the arch produced a greenstick fracture of the anterior osteotomy site, resulting in posterior-inward repositioning of the malar complex. Internal fixation was unnecessary. Results Operative procedures for reductive malar complex plasty were performed in 650 cases, which included 60 males and 590 females whose age ranged from 19 to 39 years.Incisions of all cases healed well. One case had maxillary sinusitis 2 weeks postoperatively, and recovered after 1 week by using antibiotics and drainage. There was 1 case with skin necrosis about 1 cm in diameter in the area of zygomatic body because of local liposuction, and the wound was healed by changing dressing. The forehead wrinkle of one side had disappeared in 1 case 1 week postoperatively, but had recovered 2 weeks later. Postoperative follow-up for 2-24 months showed satisfactory results.Conclusions This modified method has many advantages, such as simplicity, without internal fixation, short operation and recovery time, and little complications. The authors conclude that this technique is an effective and safe method of reduction malarplasty.
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Objective To investigate the distribution range and depth of the apocrine sweat glands of the axillary fossa,in order to supply with anatomic and histopathologic basis in the treatment on axillarv osmidrosis.Methods From December 2008 to ()ctober 2010,2 biopsy samples(with axillary osmidrosis),8 biopsy samples(normal,without axillary osmidrosis),were employed into the axillarv anatomy study. 25 patients with severe axillary osmidrosis were observed both maerographicallv and microscopically by using of operation and histopathological methods.Results Secretory portion of apocrine sweat glands was seen clearly,it was pitchy millet-like granules on axillary osmidrosis corpse,and pink millet-like granules in vivo.Secretory portions distributed most within the armpit hair area,exceeded the edge of armpit hair line,but not surpassed the edge of armpit hair line 1.0 cm.The depth of the apocrine sweat glands located vertically at superficial fat tissues between the dermal reticular 1aver and superficial fascia layers which were dissected away easily.Trimming with scissors under dermaIlayer,the secretory portion of apocrine sweat glands was removed cleanly without harms to reticular laver of dermas.Secretory portions became ducts under reticular layer of dermas.White Drominence-like granules were proved to be the compomers of hair follicle and sebaceous glands through Dathological section.Conclusions In order to treat axillary osmidrosis effectively,the secretary portion should be removed away through cutting off the tissues between the dermal reticular layer and suDerficial fastia layers;the ducts of apocrine sweat glands should be handled with removing hair follicle under the reticular layer of dermas．0peration area should not exceed 1.0 cm off the edge.
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BACKGROUND:Cadherin-11 which was used to modify bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells aimed to promote cell adhesion ability;while,core binding factor α1 (cbfα1) which was used to modify bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells aimed to realize ossification of multipotential stem cells and play a signalization role in cascade effect.OBJECTIVE:To construct cadherin-11 and cbfα1 gene adenovirus expression vectors so as to modify bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,and observe the expressions of the two genes.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Cell-genetics experiment was performed at Central Laboratory of Zhujiang Hospital in August 2008.MATERIALS:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were extracted from a male patient with thoracic vertebral fracture re from Zhujiang Hospital.The patient provided the informed consent.Full length cadherin-11 cDNA plasmid was provided by Professor Takeichi,Riken Molecular Organism Center,Japan;full length cbfα1 gene plasmid was provided by Professor Ducy,Baylor Medical College,USA;pAdeasy adenovirus system was provided by Professor Bert,McKuslck-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine,USA.METHODS:Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were separated using Percoll density gradient centrifugation combined with adherence method.Cadherin-11 and cbfα1 genes were obtained by PCR,and then they were inserted into shuttle vector of adenovirus;thereafter,the recombinant adenovirus plasmids were gained by homologous recombination.Finally,the two plasmids were re-packed to obtain recombinant adenovirus venom,and cadherin-11 and cbfα1 genes were transfected in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by adenovirus.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The expressions of cadherin-11 and cbfα1 genes were detected by Western biotting.RESULTS:The adenovirus venom carrying the cadherin-11 and cbfα1 gene was successfully obtained.Western blotting showed that the expressions of the cadherin-11 and cbfα1 genes in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were remarkably increased by infection viral.CONCLUSION:The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells may express high level of cedherin-11 and cbfα1 by gene modification of adenovirus.
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Objective To investigate the proliferation of rat bone marrow endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in the culture under different concentrations of TGF-?1 in order to optimize the culture conditions. Methods EPCs harvested from bone marrow by flushing fresh rat femur and tibia were isolated by density gradient centrifugation. The isolated cells were further purified and enriched by fast adhere to fibronectin coated dish. Flow cytometry was applied to enrich the cells positive to CD34, CD133 and VEGFR-2. EPCs were expanded in M199 medium in presence of different concentrations of TGF-?1 (10-300 pg/ml). Total cell output was recorded; and the expressions of CD34, CD133, and VEGFR-2 at different cell passages were analyzed through flow cytometer. Results Fast adhere cell group showed significantly higher positive proportion of CD34, CD133, and VEGFR-2 than unsorted cells (P
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Objective To observe the changes of protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) activity in scar tissue of rabbit ear induced by TGF-?_1 and to investigate the signal mechanism of TGF-?_1 in the scar proliferation. Methods TGF-?_1 (5 ng/ml) was applied on the wound and in the scar of rabbit ear. The PTK activity in the tissues from normal control, and 0, 14, 30, 45, and 60 d after wound epithelization was measured by phosphorus ( 32 P) incoporation. The scar changes were also observed. Results PTK activity in hypertrophic scar tissue [from (4.40?1.31) to (4.91?1.32)pmol?min -1 ?mg -1 ] was obviously elevated as compared with(2.87?0.96) pmol?min -1 mg -1 of normal skin ( P 0.05). Furthermore, PTK activity of hypertrophic scar tissue was obviously elevated as compared with that of normal scar tissue ( P 0.05) but could accelerate scar hypertrophy ( P
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Objective To investigate the effects of hyaluronan (HA) and hyaluronidase (HAse) on the formation of hypertrophic scar in rabbit ear after injury. Methods Wound healing models were established on 18 adult rabbit ears, which were randomly divided into the HA treated group (Group A), the HAse treated group (Group B), the PBS treated group (Group C). The process of wound healing was observed grossly and histologically. The variation of the contents of hydroxyproline(HPr) at the stage of wound healing and post healing was measured. The relative height of scars were measured under microscope at the peaks of scar formation. Results ①The mean values of wound healing time of Group A, B and C was 11.7?0.6, 9.8?0.9, 10.8?1.0 days respectively. ②Compared with PBS controls and HAse treated group, the collagon fiber was slender and arranged in normal order in HA treated wound at early stage of wound healing. But there were no difference among them at the stage of scar formation. ③The contents of HPr were statistically lower in HA treated group than in controls at the stage of wound healing, but no difference at the stage of scar formation.The HPr contents in HAse treated group were higher than the others all the way. ④ The mean values of relative thickness of Group A, B and C were 1.55?0.35,1.89?0.39,1.59?0.29 respectively. Conclusion ①Exogenous HA on the wound surface can not affect the scar tissue proliferation;② HAse promotes the proliferation.
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Objective To provide anatomical basis of the zygomatic branch of the facial nerve for the rhytidectomy. Methods The clinical surgical anatomy of the zygomatic region was studied bilaterally on 12 embalmed cadaveric head specimens and 2 fresh cadavers. Results The zygomatic branches came out of the parotid and divided into 2 or 5 branches (66.70 %), three branches (25.00 %), or multiple branches (8.80 %). 91.67 % of the rami superficialis was observed, and its branches had three types. The path of the rami superficialis could be located beforehand in a plane section. The rami superficialis and the rami profundus had various anastomosis. Conclusions Zygomatic branches divide into the rami superficialis and the rami profundus according to crossing the zygomatic majar musle. The rami superficialis distribute on the upper one third of the zygomatic majar musle, and it accounts for 91.67% in the group. It can be labeled before rhytidectomy to avoid the nerve injury.